Composition
Good composition starts before you raise the camera. It's the result of being fully present in a scene, knowing what you want to say, and having the discipline to say nothing more.
Disclaimer: I am a total beginner. I picked up photography about a month ago and this is just a hobby. These are my learning notes, not expert advice.
Rule of Thirds
Asymmetry
Bird's Eye View
Breaking the Pattern
Center Eye Dominance
Chiaroscuro
Color Contrast
Color Harmony
Converging Lines
Diagonal Lines
Diminishing Scale
Dutch Angle
Fill the Frame
Forced Perspective
Framing the Frame
Geometry & Patterns
Golden Ratio
Golden Triangles
Horizontal Lines
Juxtaposition
Layering (Foreground, Middle and Background)
Leading Foreground Interest
Leading Lines
Negative Space
Overlapping Elements
Radial Composition
Reflection Composition
Repetition
Rule of Odds
Rule of Space
S&C Curves
Scale Contrast
Shooting Through Elements
Silhouette
Symmetry
Texture as Subject
Vertical Lines
Worm's Eye View